![]() ![]() ![]() It usually results from rotational forces (twisting) or sudden deceleration. ![]() This damage commonly occurs in auto accidents, falls, or sports injuries. DAI is the result of shearing forces, which stretch or tear these axon bundles. Like the wires in a computer, axons connect various areas of the brain to one another. White matter is composed of bundles of axons (projections of nerve cells that carry electrical impulses). DAI refers to widespread damage to the brain’s white matter. Diffuse axonal injury (DAI)ĭiffuse axonal injury (DAI) is one of the most common types of brain injuries. There are a variety of immediate effects on the brain, including various types of bleeding and tearing forces that injure nerve fibers and cause inflammation, metabolic changes, and brain swelling. These secondary brain injuries are the result of reactive processes that occur after the initial head trauma. Other consequences of TBI can be secondary, meaning they can occur gradually over the course of hours, days, or weeks. Some injuries are considered primary, meaning the damage is immediate. The type of injury is another determinant of the effect on the brain. TBI-related damage can be confined to one area of the brain, known as a focal injury, or it can occur over a more widespread area, known as a diffuse injury. ![]()
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